A.
Ecosystem
B.
Biosphere
C.
Environment
D.
Biodiversity
Answer:
Option C: Environment
2. The process that occurs when gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap the solar radiation is called?
A.
Nitrogen fixation
B.
Eutrophication
C.
Ozone depletion
D.
Greenhouse effect
Answer:
Option D: Greenhouse effect
3. Which one of the below is not a greenhouse gas?
A.
Nitrogen
B.
Carbon dioxide
C.
Methane
D.
Water vapour
Answer:
Option A: Nitrogen
4. When is World Environment Day observed every year?
A.
May 5
B.
June 5
C.
July 5
D.
August 5
Answer:
Option B: June 5
5. The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety came into force in which year?
A.
2000
B.
2001
C.
2002
D.
2003
Answer:
Option D: 2003
6. Where is the headquarters of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)?
A.
Cairo
B.
Johannesburg
C.
Nairobi
D.
Kampala
Answer:
Option C: Nairobi
7. Who became the first executive director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)?
A.
Maurice Strong
B.
Inger Andersen
C.
Joyce Msuya
D.
Erik Solheim
Answer:
Option A: Maurice Strong
8. The study of inland aquatic ecosystems is called?
A.
Hydrology
B.
Oceanology
C.
Ichthyology
D.
Limnology
Answer:
Option D: Limnology
9. Who is the author of the environmental science book “Silent Spring”?
A.
Bill McKibben
B.
Rachel Carson
C.
Paul R. Ehrlich
D.
Gerardo Ceballos
Answer:
Option B: Rachel Carson
10. The process by which human activities and climatic variations reduce the biological productivity of drylands is called?
A.
Depletion
B.
Development
C.
Desalination
D.
Desertification
Answer:
Option D: Desertification
11. The Chipko movement was a _________ conservation movement in India.
A.
Water
B.
Wetland
C.
Forest
D.
Animal
Answer:
Option C: Forest
12. Who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977?
A.
Wangari Maathai
B.
Betty Williams
C.
Malala Yousafzai
D.
Nadia Murad
Answer:
Option A: Wangari Maathai
13. Which layer of the atmosphere contains most of Earth’s clouds and where weather occurs?
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Mesosphere
D.
Thermosphere
Answer:
Option B: Troposphere
14. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
A.
Stratosphere
B.
Troposphere
C.
Mesosphere
D.
Thermosphere
Answer:
Option A: Stratosphere
15. When is Earth Day observed every year?
A.
February 22
B.
March 22
C.
April 22
D.
May 22
Answer:
Option C: April 22
16. All the animals present in a particular region or time period is called?
A.
Marsupial
B.
Fauna
C.
Flora
D.
Wildlife
Answer:
Option B: Fauna
17. The process of planting trees in an area devoid of trees in order to create a forest is called?
A.
Reforestation
B.
Deforestation
C.
Afforestation
D.
Proforestation
Answer:
Option C: Afforestation
18. A biological community of organisms and the physical environment with which they interact is called?
A.
Habitat
B.
Ecosystem
C.
Biodiversity
D.
Biosphere
Answer:
Option B: Ecosystem
19. The global sum of all ecosystems is called?
A.
Biodiversity
B.
Atmosphere
C.
Habitat
D.
Biosphere
Answer:
Option D: Biosphere
20. Who among the below was the first recipient of the Blue Planet Prize?
A.
Syukuro Manabe
B.
Charles David Keeling
C.
Wallace Smith Broecker
D.
Maurice Strong
Answer:
Option A: Syukuro Manabe
21. Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) refers to tiny particles or droplets in the air with a diameter of 2.5 _____________ or less.
A.
Centimeters
B.
Millimeters
C.
Micrometers
D.
Nanometers
Answer:
Option C: Micrometers
22. Which is not considered one of the four major diseases caused by pollution in Japan?
A.
Itai-Itai disease
B.
Kawasaki disease
C.
Minamata disease
D.
Yokkaichi asthma
Answer:
Option B: Kawasaki disease
23. Which one of the below diseases is caused by severe mercury poisoning?
A.
Minamata disease
B.
Itai-Itai disease
C.
Yokkaichi asthma
D.
Kawasaki disease
Answer:
Option A: Minamata disease
24. The ozone layer in the Earth’s atmosphere absorbs which radiation from the Sun?
A.
Infrared
B.
Microwave
C.
Ultraviolet
D.
Gamma ray
Answer:
Option C: Ultraviolet
25. Which is the main cause of acid rain?
A.
Water pollution
B.
Soil pollution
C.
Noise pollution
D.
Air pollution
Answer:
Option D: Air pollution
26. A species that is considered at risk of extinction is called?
A.
Keystone species
B.
Endangered species
C.
Sentinel species
D.
Indicator species
Answer:
Option B: Endangered species
27. A place where groundwater flows naturally to the Earth’s surface is called?
A.
Lake
B.
Tributary
C.
Stream
D.
Spring
Answer:
Option D: Spring
28. Which one of the below is observed on July 11 every year?
A.
World Population Day
B.
World Environment Day
C.
World Water Day
D.
World Food Day
Answer:
Option A: World Population Day
29. Who is the author of the book “The Population Bomb” published in 1968?
A.
Donald Kennedy
B.
David Brower
C.
John Holdren
D.
Paul R. Ehrlich
Answer:
Option D: Paul R. Ehrlich
30. The Environment (Protection) Act of India was enacted in which year?
A.
1966
B.
1976
C.
1986
D.
1996
Answer:
Option C: 1986
31. The Wild Life (Protection) Act of India was enacted in which year?
A.
1962
B.
1972
C.
1982
D.
1992
Answer:
Option B: 1972
32. A graphical representation of the relationship between the different living organisms at each trophic level in a given ecosystem is called?
A.
Ecological Pyramid
B.
Ecological Cube
C.
Ecological Cycle
D.
Ecological Prism
Answer:
Option A: Ecological Pyramid
33. Ecological pyramids always begin with which one of the following at the bottom?
A.
Decomposers
B.
Carnivores
C.
Herbivores
D.
Producers
Answer:
Option D: Producers
34. The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty adopted in 1987 to protect which one of the below?
A.
Wildlife
B.
Endangered species
C.
Ozone layer
D.
Groundwater
Answer:
Option C: Ozone layer
35. Which is the most potent greenhouse gas?
A.
Carbon dioxide
B.
Sulfur hexafluoride
C.
Methane
D.
Water Vapour
Answer:
Option B: Sulfur hexafluoride
36. Out of the 36 biodiversity hotspots in the world, how many are present in India?
A.
One
B.
Two
C.
Three
D.
Four
Answer:
Option D: Four
37. Who coined the term ‘biodiversity hotspot’?
A.
Ernst Haeckel
B.
Wallace Smith Broecker
C.
Norman Myers
D.
Henri Buisson
Answer:
Option C: Norman Myers
38. The natural environment where an animal or plant usually lives is called?
A.
Biosphere
B.
Colony
C.
Ecosystem
D.
Habitat
Answer:
Option D: Habitat
39. Where is the headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)?
A.
New York, USA
B.
Gland, Switzerland
C.
Vienna, Austria
D.
Paris, France
Answer:
Option B: Gland, Switzerland
40. Which is the primary component of natural gas?
A.
Methane
B.
Ethane
C.
Propane
D.
Butane
Answer:
Option A: Methane
41. Who discovered the ozone layer in 1913?
A.
Charles Fabry
B.
Henri Buisson
C.
Both A & B
D.
None of the options
Answer:
Option C: Both A & B
42. A partially enclosed coastal body of water formed where freshwater from the land meets with salt water from the ocean is called?
A.
Delta
B.
Estuary
C.
Lagoon
D.
Bay
Answer:
Option B: Estuary
43. Which is a secondary pollutant present in photochemical smog?
A.
Peroxyacyl nitrate
B.
Perchloric acid
C.
Potassium Perchlorate
D.
Potassium Persulfate
Answer:
Option A: Peroxyacyl nitrate
44. Which one of the below is not a man-made ecosystem?
A.
Garden
B.
Zoo
C.
Aquarium
D.
Pond
Answer:
Option D: Pond
45. The first World Environment Day was celebrated in which year?
A.
1974
B.
1984
C.
1994
D.
2004
Answer:
Option A: 1974
46. The study of relations and interactions between living organisms and their physical environment is called?
A.
Ecology
B.
Biology
C.
Physiology
D.
Biodiversity
Answer:
Option A: Ecology
47. Who coined the term ecology?
A.
Charles Darwin
B.
Ernst Haeckel
C.
Carl Linnaeus
D.
August Weismann
Answer:
Option B: Ernst Haeckel
48. Who popularized the term “global warming”?
A.
Maurice Ewing
B.
Walter Hermann Bucher
C.
Richard Alley
D.
Wallace Smith Broecker
Answer:
Option D: Wallace Smith Broecker
49. Which one of the below is not a fossil fuel?
A.
Coal
B.
Crude oil
C.
Biogas
D.
Natural gas
Answer:
Option C: Biogas
50. The Billion Tree Tsunami Project was launched in 2014 by which country?
A.
Afghanistan
B.
India
C.
Pakistan
D.
Sri Lanka
Answer:
Option C: Pakistan
51. The process by which a water body becomes gradually enriched with excess minerals and nutrients is called?
A.
Global warming
B.
Ocean acidification
C.
Acid rain
D.
Eutrophication
Answer:
Option D: Eutrophication
52. The Kyoto Protocol is an international environmental treaty to reduce which one of the below?
A.
Greenhouse gas emissions
B.
Noise pollution
C.
Nuclear weapons
D.
Plastic products
Answer:
Option A: Greenhouse gas emissions
53. Which one of the below is a set of standards related to environmental management systems in organizations?
A.
ISO 4217
B.
ISO 9660
C.
ISO 14000
D.
ISO 22000
Answer:
Option C: ISO 14000
54. The statistical study of human populations is called?
A.
Anthropology
B.
Sociology
C.
Geography
D.
Demography
Answer:
Option D: Demography
55. The word environment is derived from the French word “Environner” which means?
A.
to enforce
B.
to encircle
C.
to enrich
D.
to endure
Answer:
Option B: to encircle
56. Which one of the below is not in the three R’s to save the environment?
A.
Reduce
B.
Resource
C.
Recycle
D.
Reuse
Answer:
Option B: Resource
57. A permit that gives the holder the right to emit a set amount of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases is called?
A.
Carbon offset
B.
Carbon footprint
C.
Carbon credit
D.
Carbon dating
Answer:
Option C: Carbon credit
58. Which is the rigid, outermost shell of Earth, consisting of the crust and the portion of the upper mantle?
A.
Atmosphere
B.
Lithosphere
C.
Biosphere
D.
Asthenosphere
Answer:
Option B: Lithosphere
59. Which one of the below is celebrated each year on March 3?
A.
World Wildlife Day
B.
World Population Day
C.
World Water Day
D.
World Food Day
Answer:
Option A: World Wildlife Day
60. Which one of the below is caused by emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide that react with the water molecules in the atmosphere?
A.
Blizzard
B.
Lightning
C.
Acid rain
D.
Wildfire
Answer:
Option C: Acid rain
61. Which one of the below is a natural source of sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere?
A.
Tide
B.
Thunder
C.
Lightning
D.
Volcano
Answer:
Option D: Volcano
62. Any substance that causes cancer is known as?
A.
Carcinogen
B.
Mutagen
C.
Teratogen
D.
Antigen
Answer:
Option A: Carcinogen
63. Who is the author of the book “The End of Nature” published in 1989?
A.
Rachel Carson
B.
Bill McKibben
C.
Paul R. Ehrlich
D.
Gerardo Ceballos
Answer:
Option B: Bill McKibben
64. Which one of the below is a non-renewable resource?
A.
Wind energy
B.
Solar energy
C.
Biomass energy
D.
Nuclear energy
Answer:
Option D: Nuclear energy
65. Which is the major cause of global warming?
A.
Deforestation
B.
Agriculture
C.
Burning fossil fuels
D.
Overpopulation
Answer:
Option C: Burning fossil fuels
66. Which one of the below is a natural way of nitrogen fixation?
A.
Tide
B.
Thunder
C.
Lightning
D.
Volcanic eruption
Answer:
Option C: Lightning
67. The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation of which one of the below?
A.
Wetland
B.
Forest
C.
Animal
D.
Water
Answer:
Option A: Wetland
68. The protective blanket of gases that surrounds the Earth is called?
A.
Hydrosphere
B.
Lithosphere
C.
Biosphere
D.
Atmosphere
Answer:
Option D: Atmosphere
69. Which ecological pyramid is always upright?
A.
Pyramid of numbers
B.
Pyramid of biomass
C.
Pyramid of energy
D.
None of the above
Answer:
Option C: Pyramid of energy
70. The illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals is called?
A.
Fowling
B.
Poaching
C.
Angling
D.
Stalking
Answer:
Option B: Poaching
71. Which one of the below is observed on March 21 every year since 2013?
A.
International Day for Biological Diversity
B.
International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer
C.
International Day of Families
D.
International Day of Forests
Answer:
Option D: International Day of Forests
72. Which was the first biosphere reserve in India?
A.
Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
B.
Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
C.
Nokrek Biosphere Reserve
D.
Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve
Answer:
Option B: Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
73. All the plants present in a particular region or time period is called?
A.
Marsupial
B.
Fauna
C.
Flora
D.
Wildlife
Answer:
Option C: Flora
74. An air pollutant emitted from a source directly into the atmosphere is called?
A.
Primary pollutant
B.
Secondary pollutant
C.
Tertiary pollutant
D.
None of the above
Answer:
Option A: Primary pollutant
75. Which was the theme of the first World Environment Day held in 1974?
A.
Give Earth a Chance
B.
One Earth One Family
C.
Only one Earth
D.
For Life on Earth
Answer:
Option C: Only one Earth